Kundasang: Behind the majestic peak of Mount Kinabalu, a source of pride for Sabah and a magnet for global tourism, lurks a silent ecological threat - invasive alien plants spreading quietly but steadily across the mountain’s landscape.
A recent study by researchers from Sabah Parks and Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) documented 98 alien plant species in Kinabalu Park, 65 of which are classified as invasive.
These species, experts warn, have the potential to outcompete native plants and destabilise the fragile ecosystem that underpins the park’s World Heritage status.
Lead researcher Vanielie Terrence Justine said the findings mark the first comprehensive checklist of alien plants in the area.
“We have finally been able to provide baseline data on alien plant species here.
“This is crucial for helping park managers identify critical areas and implement more effective control measures,” he said.
The study revealed that the Kinabalu Park headquarters complex was the most affected, with 91 species recorded. The Mesilau substation followed with 21 species, while the Summit Trail showed only nine species.
Among the most dominant invaders are Hypochaeris radicata (false dandelion), Plantago major (broadleaf plantain) and Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf).
More alarmingly, three species - Imperata cylindrica, Miconia crenata and Lantana camara – are listed among the world’s 100 worst invasive species. Researchers attributed their spread primarily to human activity.
According to Vanielle, tourism, transport, trade and human movement unintentionally bring in seeds of these species.
“Areas near staff quarters and tourist trails are the most vulnerable because they experience the most disturbance.
“Despite years of eradication efforts, the problem persists. Park management continues annual campaigns to remove false dandelions, even at altitudes as high as 3,675 metres, with support from local communities and awareness initiatives,” he said.
Published in the international journal Folia Geobotanica, the paper “Species Richness and Distribution of Alien Plant Species in Kinabalu Park, Malaysia” urges stronger measures, including legislation, systematic monitoring, early detection and wider public education.
“Mount Kinabalu is not only an icon of Sabah but also a global treasure,” said Vanielie .
“If we do not act now, future generations may only know its beauty through photographs and stories.”