The credibility of Malaysia's Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) is once again under scrutiny following recent allegations that Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim intervened in the agency’s investigations. According to a Bloomberg report released on September 26, three sources claimed that Anwar instructed MACC Chief Commissioner Tan Sri Azam Baki not to investigate Farhash Wafa Salvador Rizal Mubarak, a known ally of Anwar, over his purchase of shares in HeiTech Padu Bhd. Instead, it was alleged that Anwar directed the MACC to focus its investigations on former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, his three sons, and former Finance Minister Tun Daim Zainuddin.
Both the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) and the MACC have denied these claims, but the controversy has raised serious concerns about the impartiality of the MACC, especially as it operates under the PMO’s purview. This has led many to question whether the MACC can truly function independently or whether it is being used as a political tool.
The Centre to Combat Corruption and Cronyism (C4 Centre) has called for immediate reforms to ensure that the MACC operates free from political influence. The current structure, where the MACC falls under the control of the PMO, creates a perception of political bias in its enforcement activities. This has become a particular point of concern since Anwar’s rise to power, as the MACC has launched multiple investigations against both sitting and former politicians, many of whom are part of the opposition. These actions have prompted accusations that Anwar is using the agency to intimidate his rivals.
For a prime minister who has championed transparency and good governance, the Bloomberg report is a major blow to Anwar’s credibility. The notion that he may have misused his authority to influence the MACC’s operations feeds into a broader narrative of corruption and abuse of power. This is especially problematic given the MACC's broad powers to investigate, arrest, and recommend prosecutions, making it one of the most powerful enforcement bodies in Malaysia.
The appointment and reappointment of Azam Baki as MACC’s chief commissioner have also been a point of contention. Under current laws, the appointment is made by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on the advice of the Prime Minister, which effectively gives the PM complete control over the decision. Critics argue this arrangement creates a conflict of interest, as it undermines the MACC’s ability to operate without fear or favor when investigating cases that may involve the sitting government.
Despite these criticisms, Azam has defended the MACC’s integrity, stating that the agency operates within the confines of the law and is not subject to political interference. However, this defense does little to address the public's growing concerns about the transparency and impartiality of the commission.
The C4 Centre has long advocated for the MACC’s independence from the executive branch, suggesting that the agency be placed under parliamentary oversight. This could be achieved through a constitutional amendment and the establishment of a Parliamentary Special Select Committee on Corruption, which would be responsible for nominating commissioners to the MACC. Such reforms would help ensure that the agency is truly independent and not beholden to the whims of the prime minister or other political leaders.
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