1. Which of the following regions is most affected by wind erosion and desertification in India?
A. Western Rajasthan
B. Western Ghats
C. Sundarbans
D. Kashmir Valley
2. Waterlogging and salinity in Punjab and Haryana are mainly associated with:
A. Deforestation
B. Excessive canal irrigation
C. Volcanic activity
D. Mining
3. Which soil type is commonly associated with cracking during dry seasons and erosion vulnerability in plateau regions?
A. Laterite soil
B. Alluvial soil
C. Black cotton soil
D. Desert soil
4. Shifting cultivation (jhum) is primarily practised in:
A. Rajasthan
B. Punjab
C. Northeastern India
D. Gujarat
5. Which of the following government initiatives specifically focuses on combating desertification?
A. Smart Cities Mission
B. National Action Programme to Combat Desertification
C. PM Gati Shakti
D. National Rural Livelihood Mission
Answers with explanations
1. Answer: A. Western Rajasthan
Western Rajasthan lies in the Thar Desert region where low rainfall, high temperatures and sparse vegetation promote wind erosion and desertification.
2. Answer: B. Excessive canal irrigation
Over-irrigation and poor drainage lead to waterlogging and salinity, especially in intensively farmed regions like Punjab and Haryana.
3. Answer: C. Black cotton soil
Black cotton soils develop deep cracks during dry periods, making them vulnerable to erosion when vegetation cover is reduced.
4. Answer: C. Northeastern India
Shifting cultivation or jhum is traditionally practised in northeastern states where forest clearance on hill slopes often accelerates soil erosion.
5. Answer: B. National Action Programme to Combat Desertification
This programme aligns with UNCCD objectives and focuses on sustainable land management and restoration of degraded lands.
