- A new study has revealed that countries where men believe they must constantly prove their “manhood” tend to have lower happiness levels.
- The research found that higher precarious manhood beliefs (PMB) correlated with lower economic output, reduced life expectancy, less social support, and heightened perceptions of corruption.
- Lebanon, Iran, and Nigeria were identified as countries with high PMB and low happiness, contrasting with Nordic nations like Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, which showed low PMB and high happiness.
- Researchers from Boston College analysed data from 59 countries, combining findings from the World Happiness Report with a global study on PMB and health risk behaviours.
- The study suggests that cultural beliefs about masculinity worsen health disparities, reduce collective well-being, and increase national healthcare burdens by discouraging cooperation and emotional openness.
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